国产精品观看在线亚洲人成网_久久激情国产_久久华人_狠狠干天天操_91一区二区三区久久久久国产乱_1区2区3区国产

首頁 > 文章中心 > 正文

First Inaugural Address of James Monroe

前言:本站為你精心整理了First Inaugural Address of James Monroe范文,希望能為你的創作提供參考價值,我們的客服老師可以幫助你提供個性化的參考范文,歡迎咨詢。

TUESDAY,MARCH4,1817

IshouldbedestituteoffeelingifIwasnotdeeplyaffectedbythestrongproofwhichmyfellow-citizenshavegivenmeoftheirconfidenceincallingmetothehighofficewhosefunctionsIamabouttoassume.Astheexpressionoftheirgoodopinionofmyconductinthepublicservice,Iderivefromitagratificationwhichthosewhoareconsciousofhavingdoneallthattheycouldtomerititcanalonefeel.MYsensibilityisincreasedbyajustestimateoftheimportanceofthetrustandofthenatureandextentofitsduties,withtheproperdischargeofwhichthehighestinterestsofagreatandfreepeopleareintimatelyconnected.Consciousofmyowndeficiency,Icannotenteronthesedutieswithoutgreatanxietyfortheresult.FromajustresponsibilityIwillnevershrink,calculatingwithconfidencethatinmybesteffortstopromotethepublicwelfaremymotiveswillalwaysbedulyappreciatedandmyconductbeviewedwiththatcandorandindulgencewhichIhaveexperiencedinotherstations.

IncommencingthedutiesofthechiefexecutiveofficeithasbeenthepracticeofthedistinguishedmenwhohavegonebeforemetoexplaintheprincipleswhichwouldgovernthemintheirrespectiveAdministrations.InfollowingtheirveneratedexamplemyattentionisnaturallydrawntothegreatcauseswhichhavecontributedinaprincipaldegreetoproducethepresenthappyconditionoftheUnitedStates.Theywillbestexplainthenatureofourdutiesandshedmuchlightonthepolicywhichoughttobepursuedinfuture.

FromthecommencementofourRevolutiontothepresentdayalmostfortyyearshaveelapsed,andfromtheestablishmentofthisConstitutiontwenty-eight.ThroughthiswholetermtheGovernmenthasbeenwhatmayemphaticallybecalledself-government.Andwhathasbeentheeffect?Towhateverobjectweturnourattention,whetheritrelatestoourforeignordomesticconcerns,wefindabundantcausetofelicitateourselvesintheexcellenceofourinstitutions.DuringaperiodfraughtwithdifficultiesandmarkedbyveryextraordinaryeventstheUnitedStateshaveflourishedbeyondexample.Theircitizensindividuallyhavebeenhappyandthenationprosperous.

UnderthisConstitutionourcommercehasbeenwiselyregulatedwithforeignnationsandbetweentheStates;newStateshavebeenadmittedintoourUnion;ourterritoryhasbeenenlargedbyfairandhonorabletreaty,andwithgreatadvantagetotheoriginalStates;theStates,respectivelyprotectedbytheNationalGovernmentunderamild,parentalsystemagainstforeigndangers,andenjoyingwithintheirseparatespheres,byawisepartitionofpower,ajustproportionofthesovereignty,haveimprovedtheirpolice,extendedtheirsettlements,andattainedastrengthandmaturitywhicharethebestproofsofwholesomelawswelladministered.Andifwelooktotheconditionofindividualswhataproudspectacledoesitexhibit!OnwhomhasoppressionfalleninanyquarterofourUnion?Whohasbeendeprivedofanyrightofpersonorproperty?WhorestrainedfromofferinghisvowsinthemodewhichhepreferstotheDivineAuthorofhisbeing?Itiswellknownthatalltheseblessingshavebeenenjoyedintheirfullestextent;andIaddwithpeculiarsatisfactionthattherehasbeennoexampleofacapitalpunishmentbeinginflictedonanyoneforthecrimeofhightreason.

SomewhomightadmitthecompetencyofourGovernmenttothesebeneficentdutiesmightdoubtitintrialswhichputtothetestitsstrengthandefficiencyasamemberofthegreatcommunityofnations.Heretooexperiencehasaffordedusthemostsatisfactoryproofinitsfavor.JustasthisConstitutionwasputintoactionseveraloftheprincipalStatesofEuropehadbecomemuchagitatedandsomeofthemseriouslyconvulsed.Destructivewarsensued,whichhaveoflateonlybeenterminated.InthecourseoftheseconflictstheUnitedStatesreceivedgreatinjuryfromseveraloftheparties.Itwastheirinteresttostandalooffromthecontest,todemandjusticefromthepartycommittingtheinjury,andtocultivatebyafairandhonorableconductthefriendshipofall.Warbecameatlengthinevitable,andtheresulthasshownthatourGovernmentisequaltothat,thegreatestoftrials,underthemostunfavorablecircumstances.OfthevirtueofthepeopleandoftheheroicexploitsoftheArmy,theNavy,andthemilitiaIneednotspeak.

Such,then,isthehappyGovernmentunderwhichwelive——aGovernmentadequatetoeverypurposeforwhichthesocialcompactisformed;aGovernmentelectiveinallitsbranches,underwhicheverycitizenmaybyhismeritobtainthehighesttrustrecognizedbytheConstitution;whichcontainswithinitnocauseofdiscord,nonetoputatvarianceoneportionofthecommunitywithanother;aGovernmentwhichprotectseverycitizeninthefullenjoymentofhisrights,andisabletoprotectthenationagainstinjusticefromforeignpowers.

OtherconsiderationsofthehighestimportanceadmonishustocherishourUnionandtoclingtotheGovernmentwhichsupportsit.Fortunateasweareinourpoliticalinstitutions,wehavenotbeenlesssoinothercircumstancesonwhichourprosperityandhappinessessentiallydepend.Situatedwithinthetemperatezone,andextendingthroughmanydegreesoflatitudealongtheAtlantic,theUnitedStatesenjoyallthevarietiesofclimate,andeveryproductionincidenttothatportionoftheglobe.PenetratinginternallytotheGreatLakesandbeyondthesourcesofthegreatriverswhichcommunicatethroughourwholeinterior,nocountrywaseverhappierwithrespecttoitsdomain.Blessed,too,withafertilesoil,ourproducehasalwaysbeenveryabundant,leaving,eveninyearstheleastfavorable,asurplusforthewantsofourfellow-meninothercountries.SuchisourpeculiarfelicitythatthereisnotapartofourUnionthatisnotparticularlyinterestedinpreservingit.Thegreatagriculturalinterestofthenationprospersunderitsprotection.Localinterestsarenotlessfosteredbyit.Ourfellow-citizensoftheNorthengagedinnavigationfindgreatencouragementinbeingmadethefavoredcarriersofthevastproductionsoftheotherportionsoftheUnitedStates,whiletheinhabitantsoftheseareamplyrecompensed,intheirturn,bythenurseryforseamenandnavalforcethusformedandrearedupforthesupportofourcommonrights.Ourmanufacturesfindagenerousencouragementbythepolicywhichpatronizesdomesticindustry,andthesurplusofourproduceasteadyandprofitablemarketbylocalwantsinless-favoredpartsathome.

Such,then,beingthehighlyfavoredconditionofourcountry,itistheinterestofeverycitizentomaintainit.Whatarethedangerswhichmenaceus?Ifanyexisttheyoughttobeascertainedandguardedagainst.

Inexplainingmysentimentsonthissubjectitmaybeasked,Whatraisedustothepresenthappystate?HowdidweaccomplishtheRevolution?HowremedythedefectsofthefirstinstrumentofourUnion,byinfusingintotheNationalGovernmentsufficientpowerfornationalpurposes,withoutimpairingthejustrightsoftheStatesoraffectingthoseofindividuals?Howsustainandpasswithglorythroughthelatewar?TheGovernmenthasbeeninthehandsofthepeople.Tothepeople,therefore,andtothefaithfulandabledepositariesoftheirtrustisthecreditdue.HadtheeopleoftheUnitedStatesbeeneducatedindifferentprincipleshadtheybeenlessintelligent,lessindependent,orlessvirtuouscanitbebelievedthatweshouldhavemaintainedthesamesteadyandconsistentcareerorbeenblessedwiththesamesuccess?While,then,theconstituentbodyretainsitspresentsoundandhealthfulstateeverythingwillbesafe.Theywillchoosecompetentandfaithfulrepresentativesforeverydepartment.Itisonlywhenthepeoplebecomeignorantandcorrupt,whentheydegenerateintoapopulace,thattheyareincapableofexercisingthesovereignty.Usurpationisthenaneasyattainment,andanusurpersoonfound.Thepeoplethemselvesbecomethewillinginstrumentsoftheirowndebasementandruin.Letus,then,looktothegreatcause,andendeavortopreserveitinfullforce.Letusbyallwiseandconstitutionalmeasurespromoteintelligenceamongthepeopleasthebestmeansofpreservingourliberties.

Dangersfromabroadarenotlessdeservingofattention.Experiencingthefortuneofothernations,theUnitedStatesmaybeagaininvolvedinwar,anditmayinthateventbetheobjectoftheadversepartytooversetourGovernment,tobreakourUnion,anddemolishusasanation.OurdistancefromEuropeandthejust,moderate,andpacificpolicyofourGovernmentmayformsomesecurityagainstthesedangers,buttheyoughttobeanticipatedandguardedagainst.Manyofourcitizensareengagedincommerceandnavigation,andallofthemareinacertaindegreedependentontheirprosperousstate.Manyareengagedinthefisheries.Theseinterestsareexposedtoinvasioninthewarsbetweenotherpowers,andweshoulddisregardthefaithfuladmonitionofexperienceifwedidnotexpectit.Wemustsupportourrightsorloseourcharacter,andwithit,perhaps,ourliberties.Apeoplewhofailtodoitcanscarcelybesaidtoholdaplaceamongindependentnations.Nationalhonorisnationalpropertyofthehighestvalue.Thesentimentinthemindofeverycitizenisnationalstrength.Itoughtthereforetobecherished.

Tosecureusagainstthesedangersourcoastandinlandfrontiersshouldbefortified,ourArmyandNavy,regulateduponjustprinciplesastotheforceofeach,bekeptinperfectorder,andourmilitiabeplacedonthebestpracticablefooting.Toputourextensivecoastinsuchastateofdefenseastosecureourcitiesandinteriorfrominvasionwillbeattendedwithexpense,buttheworkwhenfinishedwillbepermanent,anditisfairtopresumethatasinglecampaignofinvasionbyanavalforcesuperiortoourown,aidedbyafewthousandlandtroops,wouldexposeustogreaterexpense,withouttakingintotheestimatethelossofpropertyanddistressofourcitizens,thanwouldbesufficientforthisgreatwork.Ourlandandnavalforcesshouldbemoderate,butadequatetothenecessarypurposes——theformertogarrisonandpreserveourfortificationsandtomeetthefirstinvasionsofaforeignfoe,and,whileconstitutingtheelementsofagreaterforce,topreservethescienceaswellasallthenecessaryimplementsofwarinastatetobebroughtintoactivityintheeventofwar;thelatter,retainedwithinthelimitsproperinastateofpeace,mightaidinmaintainingtheneutralityoftheUnitedStateswithdignityinthewarsofotherpowersandinsavingthepropertyoftheircitizensfromspoliation.Intimeofwar,withtheenlargementofwhichthegreatnavalresourcesofthecountryrenderitsusceptible,andwhichshouldbedulyfosteredintime.ofpeace,itwouldcontributeessentially,bothasanauxiliaryofdefenseandasapowerfulengineofannoyance,todiminishthecalamitiesofwarandtobringthewartoaspeedyandhonorable

ButitoughtalwaystobeheldprominentlyinviewthatthesafetyoftheseStatesandofeverythingdeartoafreepeoplemustdependinaneminentdegreeonthemilitia.InvasionsmaybemadetooformidabletoberesistedbyanylandandnavalforcewhichitwouldcomporteitherwiththeprinciplesofourGovernmentorthecircumstancesoftheUnitedStatestomaintain.Insuchcasesrecoursemustbehadtothegreatbodyofthepeople,andinamannertoproducethebesteffect.Itisofthehighestimportance,therefore,thattheybesoorganizedandtrainedastobepreparedforanyemergency.ThearrangementshouldbesuchastoputatthecommandoftheGovernmenttheardentpatriotismandyouthfulvigorofthecountry.Ifformedonequalandjustprinciples,itcannotbeoppressive.Itisthecrisiswhichmakesthepressure,andnotthelawswhichprovidearemedyforit.Thisarrangementshouldbeformed,too,intimeofpeace,tobethebetterpreparedforwar.WithsuchanorganizationofsuchapeopletheUnitedStateshavenothingtodreadfromforeigninvasion.Atitsapproachanoverwhelmingforceofgallantmenmightalwaysbeputinmotion.

Otherinterestsofhighimportancewillclaimattention,amongwhichtheimprovementofourcountrybyroadsandcanals,proceedingalwayswithaconstitutionalsanction,holdsadistinguishedplace.BythusfacilitatingtheintercoursebetweentheStatesweshalladdmuchtotheconvenienceandcomfortofourfellow-citizens,muchtotheornamentofthecountry,and,whatisofgreaterimportance,weshallshortendistances,and,bymakingeachpartmoreaccessibletoanddependentontheother,weshallbindtheUnionmorecloselytogether.Naturehasdonesomuchforusbyintersectingthecountrywithsomanygreatrivers,bays,andlakes,approachingfromdistantpointssoneartoeachother,thattheinducementtocompletetheworkseemstobepeculiarlystrong.AmoreinterestingspectaclewasperhapsneverseenthanisexhibitedwithinthelimitsoftheUnitedStates——aterritorysovastandadvantageouslysituated,containingobjectssogrand,souseful,sohappilyconnectedinalltheirparts!

OurmanufacturerswilllikewiserequirethesystematicandfosteringcareoftheGovernment.Possessingaswedoalltherawmaterials,thefruitofourownsoilandindustry,weoughtnottodependinthedegreewehavedoneonsuppliesfromothercountries.Whilewearethusdependentthesuddeneventofwar,unsoughtandunexpected,cannotfailtoplungeusintothemostseriousdifficultiesItisimportant,too,thatthecapitalwhichnourishesourmanufacturersshouldbedomestic,asitsinfluenceinthatcaseinsteadofexhausting,asitmaydoinforeignhands,wouldbefeltadvantageouslyonagricultureandeveryotherbranchofindustryEquallyimportantisittoprovideathomeamarketforourrawmaterials,asbyextendingthecompetitionitwillenhancethepriceandprotectthecultivatoragainstthecasualtiesincidenttoforeignmarkets.

WiththeIndiantribesitisourdutytocultivatefriendlyrelationsandtoactwithkindnessandliberalityinallourtransactions.Equallyproperisittopersevereinoureffortstoextendtothemtheadvantagesofcivilization.

ThegreatamountofourrevenueandtheflourishingstateoftheTreasuryareafullproofofthecompetencyofthenationalresourcesforanyemergency,astheyareofthewillingnessofourfellow-citizenstobeartheburdenswhichthepublicnecessitiesrequire.Thevastamountofvacantlands,thevalueofwhichdailyaugments,formsanadditionalresourceofgreatextentandduration.Theseresources,besidesaccomplishingeveryothernecessarypurpose,putitcompletelyinthepoweroftheUnitedStatestodischargethenationaldebtatanearlyperiod.Peaceisthebesttimeforimprovementandpreparationofeverykind;itisinpeacethatourcommerceflourishesmost,thattaxesaremosteasilypaid,andthattherevenueismostproductive.

TheExecutiveischargedofficiallyintheDepartmentsunderitwiththedisbursementofthepublicmoney,andisresponsibleforthefaithfulapplicationofittothepurposesforwhichitisraised.TheLegislatureisthewatchfulguardianoverthepublicpurse.Itisitsdutytoseethatthedisbursementhasbeenhonestlymade.TomeettherequisiteresponsibilityeveryfacilityshouldbeaffordedtotheExecutivetoenableittobringthepublicagentsintrustedwiththepublicmoneystrictlyandpromptlytoaccount.Nothingshouldbepresumedagainstthem;butif,withtherequisitefacilities,thepublicmoneyissufferedtolielonganduselesslyintheirhands,theywillnotbetheonlydefaulters,norwillthedemoralizingeffectbeconfinedtothem.ItwillevincearelaxationandwantoftoneintheAdministrationwhichwillbefeltbythewholecommunity.IshalldoallIcantosecureeconomyandfidelityinthisimportantbranchoftheAdministration,andIdoubtnotthattheLegislaturewillperformitsdutywithequalzeal.Athoroughexaminationshouldberegularlymade,andIwillpromoteit.

ItisparticularlygratifyingtometoenteronthedischargeofthesedutiesatatimewhentheUnitedStatesareblessedwithpeace.Itisastatemostconsistentwiththeirprosperityandhappiness.Itwillbemysinceredesiretopreserveit,sofarasdependsontheExecutive,onjustprincipleswithallnations,claimingnothingunreasonableofanyandrenderingtoeachwhatisdue.

EquallygratifyingisittowitnesstheincreasedharmonyofopinionwhichpervadesourUnion.Discorddoesnotbelongtooursystem.UnionisrecommendedaswellbythefreeandbenignprinciplesofourGovernment,extendingitsblessingstoeveryindividual,asbytheothereminentadvantagesattendingit.TheAmericanpeoplehaveencounteredtogethergreatdangersandsustainedseveretrialswithsuccess.Theyconstituteonegreatfamilywithacommoninterest.Experiencehasenlightenedusonsomequestionsofessentialimportancetothecountry.Theprogresshasbeenslow,dictatedbyajustreflectionandafaithfulregardtoeveryinterestconnectedwithit.TopromotethisharmonyinaccordwiththeprinciplesofourrepublicanGovernmentandinamannertogivethemthemostcompleteeffect,andtoadvanceinallotherrespectsthebestinterestsofourUnion,willbetheobjectofmyconstantandzealousexertions.

Neverdidagovernmentcommenceunderauspicessofavorable,noreverwassuccesssocomplete.Ifwelooktothehistoryofothernations,ancientormodern,wefindnoexampleofagrowthsorapid,sogigantic,ofapeoplesoprosperousandhappy.Incontemplatingwhatwehavestilltoperform,theheartofeverycitizenmustexpandwithjoywhenhereflectshownearourGovernmenthasapproachedtoperfection;thatinrespecttoitwehavenoessentialimprovementtomake;thatthegreatobjectistopreserveitintheessentialprinciplesandfeatureswhichcharacterizeit,andthatistobedonebypreservingthevirtueandenlighteningthemindsofthepeople;andasasecurityagainstforeigndangerstoadoptsucharrangementsasareindispensabletothesupportofourindependence,ourrightsandliberties.Ifwepersevereinthecareerinwhichwehaveadvancedsofarandinthepathalreadytraced,wecannotfail,underthefavorofagraciousProvidence,toattainthehighdestinywhichseemstoawaitus.

IntheAdministrationsoftheillustriousmenwhohaveprecededmeinthishighstation,withsomeofwhomIhavebeenconnectedbytheclosesttiesfromearlylife,examplesarepresentedwhichwillalwaysbefoundhighlyinstructiveandusefultotheirsuccessors.FromtheseIshallendeavortoderivealltheadvantageswhichtheymayafford.Ofmyimmediatepredecessor,underwhomsoimportantaportionofthisgreatandsuccessfulexperimenthasbeenmade,Ishallbepardonedforearnestwishesthathemaylongenjoyinhisretirementtheaffectionsofagratefulcountry,thebestrewardofexaltedtalentsandthemostfaithfulandmeritoriousservice.RelyingontheaidtobederivedfromtheotherdepartmentsoftheGovernment,IenteronthetrusttowhichIhavebeencalledbythesuffragesofmyfellow-citizenswithmyferventprayerstotheAlmightythatHewillbegraciouslypleasedtocontinuetousthatprotectionwhichHehasalreadysoconspicuouslydisplayedinourfavor.

文檔上傳者
主站蜘蛛池模板: 国产精品午夜一区 | 激情中文字幕 | 日日夜夜精 | 国产免费一区二区 | 激情综合在线观看 | 中文字幕一区在线 | 欧美亚洲综合在线 | 亚洲一区二区三区中文字幕 | 91久久国产综合久久蜜月精品 | 久久精品不卡 | 午夜视频在线免费观看 | 欧美亚洲第一区 | 久久久精品久久 | 黄色电影免费提供 | 精品国产乱码久久久久久蜜臀 | 亚洲精品福利电影 | 日韩毛片在线看 | 久久久久久美女 | 久久av一区二区三区亚洲 | 欧美一a一片一级一片 | a级黄色录像 | 国产黄色片在线观看 | 精品久久久久久久 | av无遮挡 | 精品久久久中文字幕 | a级毛片免费播放 | 亚洲视频成人 | 草久久久 | 草久久 | 国产精品久久久久久久av大片 | 91精品一区二区三区久久久久久 | 亚洲综合精品 | 正在播放国产一区 | 一级片欧美| 日韩精品免费看 | 91精品入口| 精品成人久久久 | 久久精品国产精品青草 | 国产在线不卡视频 | 欧美日韩美女 | 国产乱码精品一区二区三区中文 |